Episodes Nearest to July 15, 1867: 1 through 25 of 25

  1. Maggie L. Walker born
    date July 15, 1867map HENRICO, Virginiatags African-Americans, Education, Race-Relations, Urban-Life/Boosterism

    Born to former slaves on July 15, 1867, shortly after the end of the Civil War, Maggie L. Walker would become one of the most influential black females at the turn of the century. From her roots in poverty in the city of Richmond, Walker became the first woman in the United States, black or white, to charter a bank when she opened St. Luke Penny Saving Bank in her hometown: the City of Richmond....

  2. Futile Attempts for Justice
    date July 15, 1867map JEFFERSON, Mississippitags African-Americans, Crime/Violence, Government, Race-Relations

    On the night of July 15, 1867, three African American men arrived in Jefferson County, Mississippi, and asked a local policeman where they could remain for the night. The policeman said he would take them to the local jail where they could sleep, and then release them the next morning. Instead, the three men were detained for six days and made to dig post holes around the jail. After they were...

  3. Freedmen's Marriages
    date July 16, 1867map DE SOTO, Mississippitags African-Americans, Slavery, Urban-Life/Boosterism

    At the conclusion of the Civil War in 1865, two million slaves suddenly found themselves emancipated from the system of bondage that they had known their entire lives. The United States was in a unique situation in which it was not quite sure how to handle the differences between its new society with all freed African Americans, and its old slaveholding one. In order to help the refugees of the...

  4. Congress passes the 3rd Reconstruction Act
    date July 19, 1867map Washington City, District of Columbiatags African-Americans, Race-Relations, War

    Beginning in March of 1866, the period of Reconstruction sought to force change on the rebel states by creating a series of laws designed to control their behaviors. Only in retrospect can it be said that Reconstruction began in 1866, as it was not until March of 1867 that Congress passed the first of the so-called Reconstruction Acts that would truly force change in the South. President Andrew...

  5. Race Riot in Franklin, Tennessee
    date July 6, 1867map FRANKLIN, Tennesseetags The Colored League, Franklin

    In July of 1867, African-Americans began their gradual assimilation into the United States in Tennessee. A large number of black Tennesseans joined The Colored League which advocated for civil rights and strongly supported the Republican Party. In Franklin, Tennessee, the League had a strong presence. In early July, African-American members of this group paraded around the outskirts of town where...

  6. Education for Disabled Veterans
    date 1867map NELSON, Virginiatags Education, War

    Concern with morality and charity dominated the thoughts of many devout Christians in the South. W.D. Cabell, a graduate of the University of Virginia and principal of the Norwood High School in Nelson County, Virginia, was just such a man. In his journal he often pondered the effect his own life would have on those around him, and beseeched the Lord for help in doing good works. In 1867, Cabell...

  7. A Dedication to the Manhood of Women in the Civil War
    date 1867map NEW YORK, New Yorktags Arts/Leisure, War, Women

    William Gilmore Simms accredited the women of the South with winning the Civil War. He dedicated War Poetry of the South (published in both 1866 and 1867) to the women who had "shown themselves worthy of any manhood" through their "virtuous effort and womanly endurance." He applauded mothers, sisters, and wives for their displays of courage and endurance even while they sacrificed everything...

  8. Blacks vote for the first time in the South
    date August 1, 1867map DAVIDSON, Tennesseetags African-Americans, Race-Relations

    While the process of Reconstruction continued until 1868 for many of the rebel states, Tennessee was readmitted into the United States in 1866. Thus, Tennessee was the only one of the Confederate states not affected by the highly contentious sections of the Reconstruction Acts, which placed the states under military authority. As a consequence, the state would be one of the first to fully understand...

  9. General Philip Sheridan removes Governor James Webb Throckmorton from office
    date July 30, 1867 to August 8, 1867map AUSTIN, Texastags Race-Relations, War

    According to the Reconstruction Acts, the military could remove and appoint a state's government figures in order to further Reconstruction. Under this system, the general in charge of the region in which the state was located would be responsible for making these decisions. Because President Andrew Johnson did not agree with many clauses in the Acts of Reconstruction, this particular section...

  10. Trial ends in hung jury in the case of John Surratt, Jr.
    date August 10, 1867map Washington City, District of Columbiatags Crime/Violence, War

    Perhaps one of the most publicized events of the summer of 1867 was the trial of John Harrison Surratt, Jr. and its impending verdict. When the verdict was announced as a “hung jury' on August 10,1867 after more than two months of arguments had been presented, the responses from the public ranged from resentment to relief. Indeed, much information needed to be digested to make a decision...

  11. Yellow fever sweeps through New Orleans and the Gulf Coast
    date July, 1867 to September, 1867map ORLEANS, Louisianatags Health/Death

    During the summer of 1867, a yellow fever epidemic infected the Gulf Coast of the United States, particularly in areas of Louisiana and Texas, leading to death of thousands. In Louisiana, New Orleans suffered greatly while Galveston, San Antonio, and Houston were three of the hardest hit cities in Texas. In both states, epidemics of yellow fever had been occurring for years. Indeed, from 1839...

  12. Arkansas Black Man's Triumphant Speech
    date March, 1867 to January, 1868map PHILLIPS, Arkansastags African-Americans, Economy, Education, Government, Law, Politics, Race-Relations, Slavery, War

    In January 1868, black and white men came together for the first time in a legislative body in Arkansas to discuss the state's re-entry into the Union.The participating delegates consisted of 47 Arkansas whites, 17 outside whites, and eight African Americans.According to Richard L. Hume, the Arkansas convention was unique, however, because it contained extensive debates about the role of race.The...

  13. Brazil as the New South
    date June 8, 1867map LOUISA, Virginiatags African-Americans, Agriculture, Economy, Government, Politics, Migration/Transportation, Race-Relations, War

    For southern whites, the end of the Civil War ushered in a period of poverty, dependence, and hate. The Union soldiers had confiscated or destroyed much of the plantation owners' valuable property, and without property or the system of slavery that had sustained the South for so many generations, the agricultural economy plummeted and became extremely vulnerable to carpetbaggers and scalawags....

  14. The Civil Rights Bill and Fourteenth Amendment defeated in the Kentucky Legislature.
    date January 7, 1867 to October 31, 1867map FRANKLIN, Kentuckytags African-Americans

    Despite the passage of the Fourteenth Amendment and the Civil Rights Act in 1866, the Kentucky Legislature rejected both acts on January 7, 1867, by the votes of 62-26 and 24-7. The acts secured the citizenship and Civil Rights to all Americans whether black or white. The infringement of Civil Rights under the pretence of law and custom was made illegal, and the acts legalized the removal of cases...

  15. National Iron Works
    date August 26, 1867map MERCER, New Jerseytags Industry, Economy

    In the early 1800s, manufactories in Trenton, New Jersey excelled in casting iron into railroad supplies, stationary steam engines, and factory machinery. The Trenton State Gazette said, "it has been truly remarked that iron is more valuable than gold; and that the degree of excellence in its workmanship is one of the surest indications of the progress and civilization of the age." Timothy Field...

  16. Kentucky swears in John Larue Helm as Governor
    date September 3, 1867map FRANKLIN, Kentuckytags African-Americans, Health/Death, Race-Relations

    The 1867 gubernatorial election in Kentucky offered an opportunity for black voters to participate in the selection of a governor. Despite the fact that Kentucky never joined the Confederacy, as a state located in the South, it had fought having blacks vote up until the end of the Civil War. The candidates included John L. Helm (Democrat), Sidney Barnes (Radical Union), and William Kinkead (Union...

  17. Jefferson Davis freed from prison.
    date May 13, 1867map HENRICO, Virginiatags War

    On May 13, 1867, Jefferson Davis walked free from prison on bail from Fort Monroe Virginia, after just three months of legal litigation. His bail cost 10,000. The United States had kept him in prison for two years after the collapse of the Confederacy, when the Union army had captured and imprisoned him on May 10, 1865 for treason. Even at the time of Davis' release people predicted that his...

  18. White Response to African American Mob
    date May 9, 1867map RICHMOND, Virginiatags African-Americans, Crime/Violence, Race-Relations

    An escalating series of events led to armed soldiers charging at an African American mob of one thousand. Although the evening had started with a small group of African Americans watching a trial of engines between the Richmond and the visiting Wilmington, Delaware Fire Companies, police soon arrested an African American man who allegedly attacked the firemen. A riot followed, with the mob hurling...

  19. Writing for the South: William Gilmore Simms and Southern Intellectualism
    date May 1, 1867map CHARLESTON, South Carolinatags Arts/Leisure, Education

    In 1867, Charles Warren Stoddard sent the well-known author William Gilmore Simms a sample of poetry that he, a hopeful young author, had written. On May 1, 1867, Simms replied, congratulating Stoddard on the quality of his poetry and discussing his desire to help young authors whom he felt merited encouragement. These letters began a correspondence between the young author and his mentor that would...

  20. Constitution of Maryland takes effect
    date October 5, 1867map ANNE ARUNDEL, Marylandtags African-Americans, Race-Relations

    Between May 8 and August 17, 1867 the Constitution of Maryland was written in Annapolis, Maryland in order to comply with the changing pace of the nation. Maryland, which had never seceded from the United States, had its civil rights revoked by President Abraham Lincoln during the Civil War. As a result, even though Maryland was not controlled by the mandates of the Reconstruction Acts, the state,...

  21. Concerns over the building of the Tennessee Rail Road
    date April 9, 1867 to May 1, 1867map KNOX, Tennesseetags Agriculture, Economy, Migration/Transportation

    During April and May, 1867, a number of letters arrived into the Brownlow's Knoxville Whig newspaper. The letters, sent by a number of farmers expressed concerns over the delay of the railroad construction. <br /><br />The farmers worried over two possible delays. The first resulted from the recent state appropriation of 500,000 to the building of the railroad. As a condition for...

  22. Saint Augustine's College founded
    date October 14, 1867map WAKE, North Carolinatags African-Americans, Church/Religious-Activity, Education, Race-Relations

    On October 14, 1867, Saint Augustine's College was founded in Raleigh, North Carolina. The Episcopal clergy, who encouraged and executed the founding of the school, aimed to educate newly freed slaves in the Raleigh-Durham area.<br /><br />Like most schools opened to black students, Saint Augustine's College originally functioned as a secondary school. In 1919, the institution...

  23. Sidney Lanier publishes his anti-war novel, Tiger-Lilies
    date October, 1867map MACON, Georgiatags Arts/Leisure, War

    Considered the leading artistic talent of the South after the Civil War, Sidney Lanier published only one novel: Tiger-Lilies. Born and bred in Macon, Georgia, Lanier graduated from Oglethorpe University in 1860, shortly before the outbreak of the Civil War. After finishing college, Lanier enlisted in the Confederate Army and was sent to the Virginia/Maryland area, into the heart of the battles....

  24. Edgemont Select School for Young Ladies registers new students
    date October, 1867map ORANGE, Virginiatags Education

    In October of 1867, the Edgemont Select School for Young Ladies in Orange, Virginia, published an advertisement that young women could now begin enrolling for the next session of classes. According to this notice, tuition would be 250 for classes taught in the areas of the arts, music, and language. This announcement offers a glimpse into what the education of genteel women in the South during...

  25. Speaking from Medicine Lodge: Two Native American Opinions on Removal, White Culture, and Government Relations
    date October 19, 1867 to October 20, 1867map Unorganized, Kansastags Agriculture, Arts/Leisure, Church/Religious-Activity, Diplomacy/International, Education, Government, Migration/Transportation, Native-Americans, Politics, Race-Relations, War

    The Treaty of Medicine Lodge is among the last, most famous and most influential of the United States-Native American treaties. The treaty, or rather collective of three treaties signed at Medicine Lodge, Kansas in October of 1867, was a comprehensive peace settlement between the U.S. government and the Plains Nations of the Kiowa, Comanche, Apache, Cheyenne, and Arapaho. Major provisions...